India remains the world’s leading producer of jute, contributing nearly 1.72 million tonnes annually—close to half of global production. The crop is mainly grown in the fertile Ganges Delta, especially in the state of West Bengal, and supports an extensive domestic industry. Around 80 jute mills operate across the country, primarily located in West Bengal and neighbouring states like Bihar and Assam. Government policies requiring jute sacks for packaging grain and sugar have further boosted demand. While about 90 percent of the fibre is consumed domestically for use in packaging, flooring and textiles, India also exports over \$450 million worth of jute products each year to countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany.
Bangladesh follows as the second-largest producer, with annual output reaching up to 1.68 million tonnes. Known historically as the birthplace of high-quality white jute, the country remains the global leader in jute exports. It ships roughly 200,000 tonnes of raw fibre and a similar amount in processed goods like yarn and twine. Major growing regions include Tangail, Dhaka, Jamalpur and Faridpur. Although jute cultivation in Bangladesh has seen a slight decline in area, the country still dominates the international market, accounting for about 70 percent of global exports. The jute sector plays a crucial economic role and supports hundreds of thousands of workers.
China ranks third in jute production, contributing between 15,700 and 29,600 tonnes annually. Cultivation takes place mostly in the southeastern provinces of Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan, where the climate supports fibre growth. Although China’s output is much smaller than that of India and Bangladesh, there is a growing focus on modernising cultivation methods and promoting eco-friendly fibres to meet increasing domestic demand.
Uzbekistan stands as the fourth-largest producer, with an estimated 19,000 tonnes each year. Jute farming there is part of a broader strategy to diversify agriculture and promote sustainable practices. Production efforts are supported by small-scale, environmentally conscious initiatives that reflect the global shift toward renewable resources.
Nepal rounds out the top five producers, yielding around 10,400 tonnes annually. Most cultivation occurs on the Terai plains near the Indian border, with the Biratnagar jute factory serving as a central processing hub. Nepal emphasises organic and sustainable farming methods, with jute playing a vital role in supporting rural livelihoods and contributing to the country’s environmental goals.
Together, these five nations lead the global jute industry. While production volumes vary, each country contributes to a growing demand for natural, biodegradable fibres in both local and international markets.
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